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Model of optical modules in the IDC server room

Fiber optic splice closure knowledge brief Published 08 Sep 2023

Prepared for preliminary research by the RIVO OPTICAL knowledge desk. Confirm cable count, splice capacity, sealing class, tray layout, protection sleeves and installation requirements against current standards and product documentation.

IDC server rooms typically use high-speed optical modules such as QSFP-DD, OSFP, and SFP112, supporting 100G to 800G speeds, with emerging 1.6T modules for advanced data center interconnects.Common Optical Module Models and Form Factors
  • QSFP-DD (Quad Small Form-Factor Pluggable Double Density): Supports 400G and 800G speeds, widely used for GPU clusters and high-speed switch interconnects in intelligent computing centers .
  • OSFP (Octal Small Form-Factor Pluggable): Compatible with 400G/800G and future 1.6T speeds, often deployed in high-performance servers and multi-GPU nodes .
  • SFP112: Smaller form factor supporting 100G–400G, suitable for short- to medium-range interconnects within racks or between adjacent racks .
  • QSFP28: Supports 25G–100G, commonly used for legacy or lower-speed links .
Deployment Scenarios
  • GPU Clusters: For example, NVIDIA DGX H100 servers use 400G OSFP DR4/VR4 modules to connect to 800G OSFP 2DR4/2VR4 switch ports, enabling real-time multi-GPU data interaction .
  • Cross-Data Center Interconnects: Single-mode optical modules with distances of 100m, 500m, 2km, or 10km are used for long-distance switch interconnections, supporting distributed training and synchronization .
  • Storage Networks: InfiniBand or RoCE protocols rely on optical modules like QSFP56 HDR for 200Gbps transmission, ensuring high-speed storage-to-compute connectivity .
Advanced Technologies
  • Liquid-Cooled Optical Modules: Gigalight and similar vendors offer silicon photonics liquid-cooled modules with QSFP-DD, OSFP, and SFP112 compatibility, supporting 400G–800G and future 1.6T speeds. These modules reduce power consumption by up to 30% and improve thermal management in high-density server rooms .
  • Co-Packaged Optics (CPO): Integrates optics with switch ASICs to reduce latency and power consumption, enabling ultra-high-speed interconnects for next-generation 51.2T switches .
  • Linear Drive / Direct Optical Drive: Reduces module power by eliminating secondary PHYs and DSPs, improving latency and efficiency in hyperscale data centers .
Summary

IDC server rooms rely on a combination of QSFP-DD, OSFP, SFP112, and QSFP28 modules to meet varying speed and distance requirements. High-performance clusters and multi-GPU servers increasingly use 400G–800G modules, while emerging 1.6T co-packaged or liquid-cooled modules are being adopted for ultra-dense, low-latency, and energy-efficient deployments. These optical modules are critical for supporting east–west traffic, high-speed storage access, and distributed AI/ML workloads in modern data centers .

Model of optical modules in the IDC server room - RIVO MULTITRADE OPTICAL SYSTEMS [PDF]

Model of optical modules in the IDC server room

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